Civil Disobedience Movement

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Gandhi gave eleven demands to the Government and gave an ultimatum of January 31, 1930 to comply these demands.
Reduce expenditure on Army and civil services by 50 per cent.
Introduce total prohibition of liquor.
Release political prisoners.
Reduce land revenue by 50 per cent.
Abolish salt tax.

To draw attention of people Gandhi launched Salt Satyagraha because salt was an issue which affected every section of the society.
It transformed Civil Disobedience Movement into a mass movement drawing all sections of the population including women to the streets.

At the break of dawn on 12 March 1930 Gandhi set out from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi with 78 of its selected inmates to cover 375 kms.
Gandhi reached Dandi on the 25th day that is 6th April 1930.
He broke the salt law by picking up a fist full of salt and launch Civil Disobedience Movement.
Gandhi was arrested at midnight and sent to Yeravada Jail.
Jawaharlal Nehru, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and other leaders were swiftly arrested.
In the Northwest boundaries, the movement was led by the Khan Abdul Ghaffar khan. He was part of an organisation called “Khudaikitmatkar” or Red- Shirts.
It was the biggest mass movement India had ever witnessed in that more than 90,000 people were arrested.

Led by Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) then president of the Tamilnadu Congress.
From Tiruchirapalli to Vedaranyam a coastal village in Thanjavur district situated 150 miles.
The march started on 13th April and reached Vedaranyam on 28 April 1930 with 12 volunteers.
T.S.S. Rajan, Rukmani Lakshmipathi, Sardar Vedarathnam, C.Swaminathar and K. Santhanam were among the prominent leaders who participated in the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha.
A special song was composed for the march by Namakkal V. Ramalinganar with the lines, “A War is ahead sans sword, sans bloodshed…Join this march.”
On reaching Vedaranyam under the leadership of Rajaji broke the salt law by picking up salt and Rajaji was arrested.
Rukmani Lakshmipathi was the first woman to pay penalty for violation of salt laws

The Satyagrahis under the leadership of T. Prakasam and K. Nageswara Rao set up a camp at Udayavanam near Madras.
Bhashyam, popularly known as Arya, hoisted the national flag atop Fort St. George on 26 January 1932.
Satyamurti actively picketed shops selling foreign clothes, organised processions and distributed pamphlets.
N.M.R. Subbaraman and K. Kamaraj also played an important role.
On 11 January 1932 a procession carrying national flags and singing patriotic songs was brutally beaten by the police in Tirupur. O.K.S.R. Kumaraswamy, popularly Tirupur Kumaran, fell dead holding the national flag aloft. He is hailed as Kodikatha Kumaran.

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