Pabna Revolt, Deccan Revolts & Moplah Rebellion (1921)

Pabna Revolt (1873-76)

• Pabna is a small district located in Bengal province.
• The peasants of Pabna revolt against the oppression of Zamindars.
• Peasants were often evicted from land on the pretext of non-payment of rent.
• The revolt was led by Keshab Chandra Roy.
• Agrarian leagues were formed and Funds rose for legal proceedings.
• There was little violence took place in this revolt.
• The main form of struggle of this revolt was Legal Resistance against land revenue settlements.
• The great success of this movement was creating awareness about legal rights and protective laws for Farmers.

Deccan Revolts (1875)

• Revolted in the Poona district against moneylenders.
• The uprising spread over 3 villages and the rebels looted properties of Marwari Sahukars the Moneylenders.
• The money lenders called police to help but only controlled after the arrival of army.
• Resulted in passing of Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act in 1879.

Punjab Peasant Movement (1890-1900)

• The Punjab peasants revolted against urban moneylenders.
• In 1900 British government passed Punjab Land Alienation Act (because a large number of British soldiers were from Punjab).
• This Act divided population into 3 categories

1. Agricultural class
2. Statutory agriculturist
3. Rest of population including moneylenders.

Restriction made on the sale and mortgage of the land from 1^st category to other categories.

Moplah Rebellion (1921) (Malabar)

• Muslim Mophla peasants of Kerala was exploited by Hindu Zamindars (Jenmis) and government.
• In April 1920 Malabar District Conference started the momentum and demanded a legislation for landlord and tenant relations.
• In August 1921 Moplah were rebelled against oppressive Zamindars and attacked houses, officers and police stations.
• In the end of December British army suppressed the rebellion ruthlessly (2337 moplah were killed and 45000 were imprisoned)