- The High Courts in India are the highest courts in each state and union territory, serving as the guardians of justice and law.
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High Courts
- The High Court is the head of a State’s judicial administration and every constituent state in expected to have a High Court.
- However, at present, four High Courts have jurisdiction over more than one state.
- Among the Union Territories, Delhi alone has a High Court of its own.
- Other six Union Territories come under the Jurisdiction of nearby State High Courts.
- Each High Court comprises of a Chief Justice and such other Judges as the President may from time to time, appoint.
Appointment
- The Chief Justice of the High Court is appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the State.
- In appointing other judges, the Chief Justice of that High Court is also consulted.
Tenure
- The Judges of the High Courts hold office until the age of 62 years and are removable in the same manner as a Judge of the Supreme Court.
- To be considered for appointment as a Judge one must be a citizen of India and have held a Judicial office in India for 10 years or must have practised as an advocate of the High Court.
Jurisdictions
- The High Courts too have original and appellate jurisdictions, in cases arising within the territories of the State.
Powers
- Each High Court has powers of Superintendant over all courts within its jurisdiction.
- Though the High Courts are the party of a single and integrated judicial system, yet they are completely independent judicial institutions.
- The Supreme Court has no direct administrative control over them, nor they are in any way controlled try either the legislature or executive of the State.
- But the Judger may be transferred from one High Court to another by the President his consultation with the Chief Justice of India.
- The High Court too has the power to issue writ in cases involving ‘Fundamental Rights’.