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British vs Gurkhas (1814 – 1816)
Reason:
- In 1768 Gurkhas emerged as a powerful state and it shared boundary with Tibet, Bengal and Awadh.
- British’ boundary touched the Nepal territory when British acquired the district of Gorkhpur and Basti from Nawab of Awadh through Subsidiary Alliance Treaty.
- As a result conflicts arouse between British and Gurkhas very often.
- In May 1814 Gurkhas attacked British Police post and killed 18 policemen so Lord Hastings declared war.
- Gurkhs followed Guerilla Warfare and using deep forest as shield against British.
- In the end of 1814 Amar Singh Tapar the Army general of Nepal surrendered to Britsh.
- After many defeats the war concluded in March 1816 with Treaty of Sagauli.
- After this victory Lord Hasting became called Marquis of Hastings.
- Gurkhas gave up their claim over Terai region and withdrawn from Sikkim.
- Gurkhas ceded Kumaon and Garhwal to British and British also secured areas around Shimla and Northwestern region.