2011 Population Census – India and Tamil Nadu

TNPSC MICRO TOPICS
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2011 census
  • Census is an official enumeration of population taken regularly every 10 years.
  • In India, the first census was held in the year 1872.
  • The first official census was taken in the year 1881.
  • 2011 Census was the 15th Indian Census.
  • India’s population as of March 2011 stood at 1.21 billion (1,210,193,422) which accounts for 17.5 % of the world population.
Population:
  • A number of people living in a defined area.
  • The most populous state of India – Uttar Pradesh (199 million)
  • Almost half of India’s population lives in just five states.
  • Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Bihar West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh.
Top five states (Population Size)
  1. Uttar Pradesh
  2. Maharashtra
  3. Bihar
  4. West Bengal
  5. Madhya Pradesh
Bottom Five States (Population Size)
  1. Sikkim
  2. Mizoram
  3. Arunachal Pradesh
  4. Goa
  5. Nagaland
Tamil Nadu (Population Size)
  • 7.2 crore population
  • Rank 7th in total population of India.
Top 5 districts (Population Size)
  1. Chennai
  2. Kanchipuram
  3. Vellore
  4. Tiruvallur
  5. Salem
Bottom five districts (Population Size)
  1. Preambular
  2. Nigiris
  3. Ariyalur
  4. Karur
  5. Theni
Population density:
  • Population density is calculated as the number of persons per unit area.
  • India is one of the most densely populated countries of the world.
The population density of India
  • 382 person per square kilometer.
Top five states (Population Density)
  1. Bihar – 1106
  2. West Bengal – 1028
  3. Kerala – 860
  4. Uttar Pradesh – 829
  5. Haryana – 573
Bottom five states (Population Density)
  1. Arunachal Pradesh – 17
  2. Mizoram – 52
  3. Sikkim – 86
  4. Manipur – 115
  5. Nagaland – 119
Tamil Nadu Population Density
  • 555 persons per square kilometer
  • Ranks 12th among the Indian states.
Top 5 districts (Population Density)
  1. Chennai
  2. Kanyakumari
  3. Tiruvallur
  4. Kanchipuram
  5. Madurai
Bottom five districts (Population Density)
  1. Nilgiris
  2. Ramanathapuram
  3. Preambular
  4. Shivagangai
  5. Dharmapuri
Decadal growth rate
  • The decadal growth rate of India – 17.64 %
  • Tamil Nadu – 15.60 % (Rank 23 among Indian states).
Life expectancy at birth
  • It refers to the mean expectation of life at birth.
  • It is low when the death rate is high.
  • India – 67.9 years
  • Tamil Nadu – 70.6 years
Sex ratio
  • The number of females per thousand males in the population.
  • Sex ratio of India – 940
Highest sex ratio
  1. Kerala – 1084
  2. Puducherry – 1038
  3. Tamil Nadu – 995
  4. Andhra Pradesh – 992
  5. Chhattisgarh – 991
  6. Manipur – 987
Lowest sex ratio
  1. Daman and Diu – 618
  2. Dadra Nagar haveli – 775
  3. Chandigarh – 818
  4. New Delhi – 866
  5. Haryana – 877
  6. Andaman and Nicobar – 878
Sex ratio in TAMILNADU 
Highest sex ratio
  1. Nilgiris – 1041
  2. Thanjavur – 1031
  3. Nagapattinam – 1025
  4. Thoothukudi and Tirunelveli – 1024
  5. Thiruvarur – 1020
Lowest sex ratio
  1. Dharmapuri – 946
  2. Salem – 954
  3. Krishnagiri – 956
  4. Ramanathapuram – 977
  5. Tiruvallur – 983
Child sex ratio (0 – 6 years)
  • The number of female children per 1000 male children in the population.
  • India – 919 female children (2011)
Highest child sex ratio
  1. Arunachal Pradesh – 972
  2. Mizoram and Meghalaya – 970
  3. Chhattisgarh – 969
  4. Puducherry – 967
  5. Kerala – 964
Lowest child sex ratio
  1. Haryana – 834
  2. Punjab – 846
  3. Jammu and Kashmir – 862
  4. New Delhi – 871
  5. Chandigarh – 880
Child sex ratio in Tamil Nadu
  • 946 (2011 census)
Highest child sex ratio
  1. Nilgiris – 985
  2. Kanyakumari – 964
  3. Lowest child sex ratio
  4. Cuddalore – 896
  5. Ariyalur – 897
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Literacy rate
  • India -74.04
Highest literacy rate
  1. Kerala – 94.0
  2. Lakshadweep – 91.8
  3. Mizoram – 91.3
  4. Goa – 88.7
  5. Tripura – 87.2
Highest female literacy
  1. Kerala – 92.1
  2. Mizoram – 89.3
  3. Lakshadweep – 87.9
  4. Goa – 84.7
  5. Tripura – 82.7
Lowest literacy rate
  1. Bihar
  2. Arunachal Pradesh
  3. Rajasthan
  4. Jharkhand
  5. Andhra Pradesh
Literacy in Tamil Nadu
  • 73 %
Highest literacy rate
  1. Kanyakumari – 91.75
  2. Chennai – 90.18
  3. Thoothukudi – 86.18
  4. Nilgiris – 85.20
Lowest literacy rate
  1. Dharmapuri
  2. Ariyalur
Mortality rate
  • Neonatal mortality – the death of kids soon after the delivery (per 1000)
  • Child mortality rate – the death of a child before the age of five ( per 1000)
Neonatal mortality
  1. India – 24
  2. Tamil Nadu – 11
Child mortality rate
  1. India – 55
  2. Tamil Nadu – 25
Infant mortality rate
  • The number of deaths per 2,000 live births of children under one year of age.
  1. India – 44
  2. Tamil Nadu – 22
Maternal mortality rate
  • Mother’s death at the time of delivery per 1 lakh.
  • It refers to deaths due to complications from pregnancy or childbirth.
  1. India – 178
  2. Tamil Nadu – 90
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