- Biodiversity is the variability between the species, within the species, and between the ecosystems.
Types of Biodiversity
- Biodiversity can be categorized into three main types:
- Genetic Diversity (Diversity within species)
- Species Diversity (Diversity between species)
- Ecosystem Diversity (Diversity between ecosystem)
Genetic Diversity
- This genetic variability among the members of any plant or animal species is known as genetic diversity.
- When two individuals are closely related, they share more genetic information and hence, are more similar.
Species Diversity
- Species diversity can be defined as the variety of species within a particular region or habitat.
- This type of diversity can be found in both the natural ecosystem and agricultural ecosystem.
- There are only 35,000 flowering plant species in tropical and subtropical Africa. But, Europe has around 11,300 vascular plants.
- Also, other areas, such as salt flats or a polluted stream, have fewer species.
Ecosystem Diversity
- The ecosystem varies with each other as per their habitats and the difference in their species.
- This ecosystem diversity can be found within a specific geographical region or a country or a state.
- This type of diversity also includes forests, grasslands, deserts, and mountains.